Oaxaca de Juárez: A Must-See Colonial City in Mexico
Oaxaca. Just saying the name evokes a sense of charm and cultural richness. It’s a place that stirs the imagination and captures the hearts of travelers from around the world. This cultural mecca nestled in the foothills of the Sierra Madre mountains is a city that calls you back, no matter how many times you’ve visited. Dorothy Bell, one of my favorite travel companions, captures this perfectly:
“I can’t get enough of the central plaza. Sitting at a local café with a cerveza or coffee, watching the Oaxaca street life unfold before me. Vendors, musicians, street artists. Did I mention the out-of-tune xylophone? I love the place.” – Dorothy Bell
Oaxaca de Juárez: A Brief Introduction
Oaxaca de Juárez, named to honor native son and former Mexican President Benito Juárez, is a city steeped in both colonial history and indigenous heritage. The name “Oaxaca” comes from the Nahuatl word “Huaxyacac,” referring to the region’s abundance of guaje plants. As you stroll through its cobbled streets and vibrant markets, it’s easy to understand why so many find Oaxaca unforgettable.
Why You Should Visit
Oaxaca is not just another stop on the Mexican colonial city circuit—it’s a destination that bursts with life, flavor, and tradition. Whether you’re exploring ancient Zapotec ruins, browsing the bustling local markets, or simply enjoying a quiet moment in one of the city’s many beautiful plazas, there’s always something to captivate you.
The Zócalo
At the heart of the city lies the Zócalo, Oaxaca’s central plaza, an ideal place for people-watching. Here, locals and visitors gather among trees, fountains, and street vendors selling everything from ice cream to handmade crafts. As you sip your coffee or cerveza at one of the nearby cafés, you’ll witness a colorful blend of life: street musicians, bustling vendors, and even the occasional out-of-tune xylophone that Dorothy mentioned with a smile.
Markets Full of Flavors
No visit to Oaxaca is complete without a stroll through its markets, especially the Mercado Benito Juárez and Mercado 20 de Noviembre. These markets are a feast for the senses, with their vibrant colors, the smell of mole wafting through the air, and the sounds of vendors haggling over spices, handicrafts, and Oaxacan chocolate.
A City of Art and Tradition
Oaxaca is a hub for traditional Mexican art, especially its rich weaving, pottery, and Alebrijes (brightly colored folk art sculptures of fantastical creatures). The city is also renowned for its culinary heritage, home to some of the country’s most famous dishes, including mole, tlayudas, and quesillo (Oaxacan cheese).
The annual Guelaguetza festival, one of the most important cultural events in Oaxaca, showcases the traditional music, dance, and costumes of the various indigenous groups in the state. If you can time your visit during this celebration, you’ll experience Oaxaca at its most vibrant.
Archaeological Sites and the Famous Tule Tree
Beyond the charm of Oaxaca’s streets and markets, the region is home to some of Mexico’s most significant archaeological sites. Just outside the city, you’ll find Monte Albán, a vast ancient Zapotec city that offers a stunning panoramic view of the Oaxaca Valley. Its temples, pyramids, and ball courts give insight into the advanced civilization that once thrived here. Another important site is Mitla, known for its intricate stone mosaics, a reflection of the region’s rich pre-Columbian history.
A visit to Oaxaca wouldn’t be complete without a stop at the famous Tule Tree in the nearby town of Santa María del Tule. This awe-inspiring Montezuma cypress is over 2,000 years old and has the stoutest trunk of any tree in the world, making it a natural wonder you can’t miss. Locals proudly refer to it as “El Árbol del Tule,” and it’s considered a living monument to Oaxaca’s deep connection with the land.
Practical Information
- Location: In the Central Valley region of Oaxaca State, surrounded by the Sierra Madres.
- Climate: Oaxaca enjoys a tropical savanna climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. The rainy season runs from May to September, while temperatures remain comfortable year-round.
- Elevation: 1,555 meters (5,102 feet) above sea level.
- Getting There: If you’re coming from Cuernavaca, drive southeast on Highway 190. From Tehuantepec, head northwest on Highway 190.
- Population: Approximately 301,000 in the city, with 650,000 in the greater metro area.
- Founded: 1532 by Spanish settlers.
- Money: ATMs and banks are readily available, and most major establishments accept credit cards.
- Healthcare: Oaxaca has major hospitals, doctors, and dentists available for travelers.
Oaxaca Today
Despite its colonial history, Oaxaca is very much a city of today. It balances a vibrant modern culture with deep traditional roots. The city’s art galleries, museums, and contemporary festivals make it an ever-evolving destination that continues to inspire.
Whether it’s your first time or your fifth, Oaxaca has a way of drawing you in with its rich heritage, intoxicating flavors, and vibrant local culture. It’s a place where time slows down, and every moment feels like a discovery.
Final Thoughts
Oaxaca is one of those rare cities that feels like a crossroads of culture, history, and the present day. It’s a place that touches your soul and invites you to linger just a little longer with every visit. Make sure Oaxaca is high on your list of must-see cities in Mexico—you won’t be disappointed.
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